The aim if this study is to examine the self-efficiency and intention differences of entrepreneurial personality in students before and after entrepreneurial class. This research is important to be conduct because of the entrepreneur interest of the undergraduate student is considered at the low level. Otherwise, Indonesia has increasing jobless persons. This research was conducted at fifth until seventh semester student of department of electric engineering. From 116 participants, concluded that there is no significant self-efficacy and intention difference to be (...) entrepreneurial at students before and after entrepreneurial class. There are some causes of the insignificant result. For example are maturation effect, no role model for student, and the subject of this lecture is more theoretical than experiential learning to be an entrepreneurial one. The result of this study gives positive contribution for developing entrepreneurial spirit for students.  . (shrink)

Critical discourse analysis has become an effective multidisciplinary approach to uncovering hidden ideologies and powers along with the changing times and the increasing prevalence of various discourses in society, both in the form of information written in text and distributed in the digital world. Discourse battles are commonplace in the context of life—as a form of dialectics and freedom to convey ideas. Researchers through this article discuss basic assumptions about the basic or main principles of critical discourse analysis developed by (...) Norman Fairclough and Ruth Wodak. The basic assumptions are that critical discourse analysis focuses on social issues, power relations are discursive, discourse shapes society and culture, discourse manages ideological works, discourse is historical, the relationship between text and society is mediated (discourse), discourse analysis is interpretive and explanatory, and discourse is a form of social action. The article also discusses three models of discourse analysis: the Sociocultural (Norman Fairclough), Socio-cognitive (Teun A. van Dijk), and Historical-Discourse (Ruth Wodak) models. Fairclough’s sociocultural model interprets text not only through the way objects are described but also through the relationships between objects that are defined. Meanwhile, Teun A. van Dijk’s socio-cognitive model emphasizes text, social cognition, and social context, forming a chain of analysis. Lastly, Ruth Wodak’s historical-discourse model puts historical aspects of discourse into his analysis. (shrink)

Thomas Kuhn dengan konsep revolusi ilmiahnya memiliki karakteristik pemikiran dan model filsafat baru dalam hal sejarah lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan dan filsafat sains serta peranan sejarah ilmu pengetahuan dalam mengkonstruksi ataupun merekonstruksi munculnya ilmu pengetahuan baru. Bagi Thomas Kuhn sejarah ilmu pengetahuan merupakan starting point dalam mengkaji permasalahan fundamental dalam epistemologi keilmuan karena sains pada dasarnya selalu ditandai dengan kuatnya paradigma serta revolusi ilmiah setelahnya. Fase inilah yang diistilahkan Thomas Kuhn sebagai fase sejarah lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan baru, dimulai dengan normal science, (...) kemudian terjadi anomaly dan crisis, setelah itu barulah muncul revolusi ilmiah sebagai bentuk lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan baru. Pemikiran Thomas Kuhn tersebut dapat dikontekstualisasikan dengan pengembangan keilmuan Islam dengan tujuan membangun keterbukaan pemikiran keislaman terhadap anomali dan crisis serta munculnya revolusi dalam ilmu keislaman sehingga memotivasi munculnya paradigma baru di ranah keilmuan Islam. Berbagai pendekatan dalam studi Islam dapat digunakan seperti pendekatan normatif, historis, sosiologis, antropologis dan pendekatan lainnya dalam rangka membumikan Islam menjadi agama yang rahmatan lil alamin. Kata Kunci : Paradigma, Revolusi Ilmiah, Thomas Kuhn. (shrink)

This research was aimed to discover whether sex-role identity could play a significant role as moderating variable to the relation between McClleland’s needs of achievement, affiliation and power and employee’s performance. Subjects of this research were employees in scales division from a cosmetical company in Jakarta Following Baron and Kenny’s ideas, data was analyzed with two way analysis of variance. The main hypothesis in this research is moderating effect of sex role identity in how need of achievement, need of affiliation (...) and need of power affect employee performance. Two way analysis of variance resulted in the rejection of major hypothesis. Therefore, sex-role identity did not function as moderator in the relation between all needs and employee performance. However, need of achievement was found to influence employee performance .  . (shrink)

This article attempts to touch on the presence of anthropological approaches in contemporary readings of Islamic thought, given that the latter raises questions and problems that express events that are still characterised by a permanent and urgent situation, which led to the employment of several approaches and visions that descended from contemporary Western knowledge in the field of human sciences, including anthropology. Despite the Western origin of Islamic thought – anthropology – and the delay in its inclusion as a specialisation (...) within the field of academic practice in Arab universities after independence for various reasons, the years that followed the independence of Arab countries since the second half of the 20th century carried with them the seeds of the formation of the first anthropological research that began to find its way towards gradual maturity. Contribution: Anthropology, with its devised mechanisms and methodological tools, and the theoretical perceptions it entails, constitutes one of the entrances upon which contemporary readings of Islamic thought are based through a discussion of certain angles related to the historical and cultural heritage that furnish Islamic thought and nourish its references. (shrink)

Microgames are rapidly gaining increased attention and are highly being considered because of the technology-based media that enhances students’ learning interests and educational activities. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new construct through confirmatory factor analysis, to comprehensively understand the factors influencing the use of microgames in mathematics class. Participants of the study were the secondary school teachers in West Java, Indonesia, which had a 1-year training in microgames development. We applied a quantitative approach to collect the data via (...) online questionnaires through google form. Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS software was used to analyze the proposed model. Empirical results confirmed the perceived easy to use and subjective norm influence relationship with teachers’ microgame usage behaviors and intentions. In this condition, SN was found to have the initial significant influence on behavioral intention, as attitude, BI, and facilitating conditions also correlated with the actual use of microgames. Furthermore, the largest influential factor was BI, with the results subsequently showing that TPACK had no significant influence on the actual use of microgames. This report is expected to help bridge the gap across several previous studies, as well as contribute to the explanation and prediction of the factors influencing the teachers’ mathematical utilization of the study’s program. Besides this, it also helps to increase the use of microgames in teaching and learning activities. (shrink)

In the field of teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), much empirical research has investigated learner and teacher autonomy, agency, and identity. Yet, little prior research has...

Freight transportation plays a critical role in improving company performance in the modern manufacturing industry. To reduce costs, companies must take advantage of the use of large vehicles. It caused fewer deliveries, but inventory costs and degradation quality are high. One of the joint economic lot size problems in supply chain is Integrated Single-Vendor Single-Buyer Inventory Problem. This study developed the I-SVSB-IP model that considers raw materials’ exponential quality degradation and transportation costs. The objective function of this research was to (...) maximize the Joint Total Profit. Three decision variables used were inventory cycle time, raw material ordering frequency, and frequency of delivery of finished products to buyers. This study proposed a sophisticated Chimp Optimization Algorithm procedure to solve the I-SVSB-IP problem. A case study on the food industry in Indonesia was presented to optimize the I-SVSB-IP. The results showed that the ChOA procedure had produced an optimal solution compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm. This study also demonstrated a sensitivity analysis of decision and transportation variables to cost, revenue, and JTP. The results show that increasing transport frequency of ordering raw materials and finished products to buyers enhances the total cost and reduces joint total profit. In addition, increasing the rate of quality degradation of raw materials reduces JTP. (shrink)

Bagi orang Jawa, laku tirakat (prihatin) ternyata tidak boleh dikerjakan secara asal-asalan, insidental, sejam dua jam, atau sehari dua hari, tetapi mesti dikerjakan sepanjang hidup. Bisa dikatakan, manusia Jawa semasa hidupnya harus pandai-pandai mengolah cita-citanya berlandaskan laku prihatin yang tidak pernah berhenti. Mengapa? Sebab, hal yang didambakan oleh manusia Jawa sejatinya ialah sukses dunia dan akhirat. Buku ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan wawasan dan kearifan Anda sebagai manusia Jawa. Terlebih, dunia masa kini dipenuhi oleh banyak hal yang bersilangan. Oleh (...) karena itu, untuk lolos dari ribuan permasalahan yang membelit kehidupan modern, sebagai manusia Jawa, Anda sebaiknya sudi menelaah kembali warisan dan wulang-wuruk jagad Jawa, termasuk laku prihatinnya yang begitu menyejarah. Semoga ada sejumput wewarah yang dapat memberikan pepadhang dan pepeling bagi Anda dalam menempuh dan menyukseskan hidup pada masa mendatang. Selamat membaca! (shrink)

Buku relatif kecil F. Budi Hardiman, dosen di Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Driyarkarta, di Jakarta, ini merupakan sumbangan penting bagi pustaka berbahasa Indonesia tentang hak-hak asasi manusia. Bahkan, setahu peninjau buku ini, cara penulis mendekati hal hak-hak asasi manusia dalam pustaka berbahasa Jerman dan Inggris pun masih dicari. Kekhasan buku ini adalah bahwa Budi Hardiman membahas hak-hak asasi manusia dengan mendiskusikan enam kontroversi paling utama di sekitarnya, yaitu (1) kritik Hannah Arendt terhadap klaim universalitas hak-hak asasi manusia dari sudut republikanisme; (2) (...) polemik dari sudut teologi Islam; (3) tantangan dari sudut multikulturalisme; (4) hak-hak asasi manusia berhadapan dengan nilai-nilai Asia; (5) tuntutan agar deklarasi hak-hak asasi manusia dilengkapi oleh daftar kewajiban-kewajiban asasi; dan (6) pertanyaan mengapa dalam budaya-budaya Indonesia “peradaban hak-hak asasi manusia sulit terwujud.” Diskursus ini bukan hanya memiliki relevansi teoretis tinggi, tetapi juga langsung relevan di Indonesia. Budi Hardiman bertolak dari tesis “bahwa ide, motif atau pun intensi dasar yg mendorong praksis hak-hak asasi manusia adalah ’tuntutan universal’ untuk melindungi manusia dari pengalaman-pengalaman negatif dalam modernitas” (hlm. 18). Tesis ini langsung mengoreksi sebuah salah paham serius yang juga merancukan debat dalam BPUPKI pada Juli 1945: Bahwa hak-hak asasi manusia merupakan produk khas liberalisme untuk mengamankan kebebasan maksimal individu terhadap komunitas; jadi bahwa hak-hak asasi manusia merupakan wahana individualisme dan ekspresi sikap egois di mana individu seakan-akan hanya mau menjamin hak-haknya sendiri. Tetapi bukan itulah maksud inti hak-hak asasi manusia. Hak-hak asasi manusia merupakan jawaban terhadap kondisi terancam dan terhina manusia berhadapan dengan kekuatan-kekuatan raksasa modernitas. Hak-hak asasi manusia mau menjamin keutuhan mereka yang tidak berdaya untuk membela diri sendiri. Karena itu, pengakuan terhadap hak-hak asasi manusia menjadi bukti dan tolok ukur tanggung jawab sosial dalam suatu masyarakat................. Faktor kelima adalah agama. Agama sebenarnya memiliki “intuisi kemanusian yang melampaui suku-suku dan bangsa” (hlm. 141), akan tetapi agama bisa juga membatasi intuisi itu pada warganya sendiri. Maka unsur kunci dalam tantangan hak-hak asasi manusia bagi teologi Islam yang dibahas dalam bab 2 adalah perluasan dari perspektif yang terbatas pada umatnya sendiri ke perspektif “manusia qua manusia” (hlm. 54). Makin wawasan dibatasi pada syariah, loncatan itu kelihatan sulit. Tetapi loncatan itu harus berani dilakukan agar kesulitan Islami dengan beberapa hak asasi manusia, misalnya hak pergantian agama atau larangan terhadap hukuman kejam, dapat diatasi. Tantangan multikulturalisme: menjadi pertanyaan bagaimana kalau terjadi pertentangan antara kekhasan suatu budaya, biasanya budaya minoritas, dengan tuntutan hak asasi manusia dibahas dalam bab 3. Buku Budi Hardiman ini perlu dibaca oleh semua yang prihatin dengan diskursus hak-hak asasi manusia di negara kita yang tetap masih klise dan sering kurang bermutu. Penegasan inti penulis, bahwa tujuan dan fungsi jaminan hak asasi manusia adalah perlindungan bagi mereka yang menderita, miskin dan tereksploitasi harus terus-menerus diangkat. Alih-alih jalan ke egoisme dan individualisme hak-hak asasi manusia merupakan bukti solidaritas suatu masyarakat dengan warga-warganya yang paling lemah. (Franz Magnis-Suseno, Program Pascasarjana, Sekolah Tinggi Filsafat Driyarkara, Jakarta). (shrink)

Objectives:Over the past two decades, all U.S. states have incorporated alcohol ignition interlock technology into sentencing laws for individuals convicted of driving while intoxicated. This article provides the first 50-state summary of these laws to include changes in the laws over time and their effective dates. This information is critical for policy makers to make informed decisions and for researchers to conduct quantitative evaluation of the laws.Methods:Standard legal research and legislative history techniques were used, including full-text searches in the Westlaw (...) legal database and identification of state session laws. Because ignition interlock device laws often change over time, we identified the date of each law's initial enactment as well as the effective date of each law in its current form.Results:Beginning with California and Washington in 1987, all 50 states have enacted IID laws as a sentencing option for DWI offenders. Initially, most of these laws were discretionary. Today, however, 48 states mandate IID installation for at least some types of DWI offenders to maintain lawful driving privileges. Of these, 27 mandate an IID for all offenders; seven mandate an IID for repeat offenders only; and 21 for some combination of specific groups of DWI offenders, including repeat offenders, offenders with a blood alcohol content above a legislatively-specified level, and aggravated offenders.Conclusion:States have wrestled with a number of IID policy issues, including for whom to mandate IIDs and whether to suspend a license for DWI prior to reinstating driving privileges with or without an IID. By understanding how state interlock laws differ, policy makers and researchers can ultimately better ascertain the impact of these laws. (shrink)